At the Bitcoin 2025 conference in Las Vegas, we sat down with two familiar names shaping Bitcoin’s builder class: Spencer Yang, once Coinbase Wallet’s Head of Product, and Carylyne Chan, the former CoinMarketCap CEO. Both now serve as Core Contributors at Fractal Bitcoin, the only native scaling solution completely and instantly compatible with Bitcoin.

They’re also multitasking machines. Carylyne is quietly building not one, but two new ventures—a tea brand called Portman Tea and a sun care line dubbed Good Instincts. As for Spencer? He’s not a retired NBA forward, but at 6’4” with arms built for long shots and selfies, he could’ve fooled most of Vegas.

Their focus isn’t price charts or maximalist dogma, it’s infrastructure. From native apps to the new Proof of Work Alliance, they laid out a future where Bitcoin isn’t just held—it’s built upon.

Ok, guys, what is Fractal Bitcoin, and what are you trying to build?

Spencer: Fractal is a layer built to make Bitcoin more usable for builders. It’s fully aligned with Bitcoin’s ethos and uses the same address format, making it seamless to send assets across both. We support meta protocols like Ordinals and BRC-20s, and provide a space for UTXO-based applications to thrive. The vision is to scale innovation on Bitcoin while reinforcing its security model.

Carylyne: Bitcoin is a $1T+ asset, but economic activity on the chain still lags. Fractal is our way of unlocking that — bringing in builders, developers, and users to create more use cases directly on Bitcoin. It’s about turning passive holders into active participants.

Oh, very nice! So, tell me, why are Bitcoin-native apps gaining momentum now, compared to the last cycle?

Spencer: Great question! The energy has certainly changed. Bitcoin is more widely accepted — by governments, institutions, and users. There’s also now consensus around tools likeOrdinals and Taproot. Infrastructure’s caught up too — wallets, exchanges, dev tools. The foundation is finally there for real apps to be built on Bitcoin.

Carylyne: There’s simply more “fun” to be had on Bitcoin now. People want to create and interact, not just store value. That cultural shift matters.

99Bitcoins Interview Fractal Bitcoin

Is the regulatory environment finally stabilizing for Bitcoin?

Carylyne: Sentiment is much better. States and companies are holding Bitcoin. Treasuries are warming to it. The shift we’re seeing is Bitcoin moving from “outsider” to “infrastructure.” That sets the stage for clearer, more proactive regulation, not reactionary crackdowns.

What is the Proof of Work Alliance and why does it matter?

Spencer: It’s a coalition of miners, manufacturers, and infrastructure providers working to reframe PoW not as an ideology, but as real infrastructure. PoW is what turns energy into digital value — that’s powerful. The Alliance’s goal is to support research and policy that protects and evolves this consensus model.

Spencer: Bitcoin already is part of those ecosystems. It’s held, wrapped, and bridged across L1s. But we believe Bitcoin can also host rich applications directly — especially as tools and scaling solutions mature.

Carylyne: We’ve always talked about hyperbitcoinization. It doesn’t mean Bitcoin has to do everything,  just that it’s the foundation. Let’s build on that.

What lessons did you take from your time at Coinbase and CoinMarketCap? (Bitcoin 2026 Coming!)

Spencer: Care deeply about retail. Build responsibly, with clarity and usability. We’re still early — the billion-user moment hasn’t arrived yet, but it’s coming.

Carylyne: At CMC, we coined “Bitcoin dominance.” That metric is rising again, and it’s a signal: Bitcoin is back in focus, not just as an asset, but as a platform. And that’s exactly what we’re here to support.

About Fractal Bitcoin

Fractal Bitcoin is redefining how Bitcoin can scale, unlocking new possibilities for the world’s most secure blockchain. Founded in 2024 and headquartered in London, Fractal positions itself as the leading Bitcoin scaling solution. Fractal expands Bitcoin’s functionality without altering its core design or requiring forks and sidechains.

Unlike other scaling approaches that compromise decentralization or security, Fractal leverages the original Bitcoin Core code to build recursive layers directly on top of the Bitcoin network. This means developers and users can enjoy virtually unlimited scalability while retaining Bitcoin’s battle-tested security, consensus mechanisms, and compatibility with existing infrastructure.

Fractal supports smart contracts, ordinals, NFTs, and decentralized applications (dApps) natively on Bitcoin, bridging the gap between Bitcoin’s conservative architecture and the innovation often seen on chains like Ethereum or Solana. This enables DeFi protocols, marketplaces, and advanced on-chain features to operate without leaving the Bitcoin ecosystem.

As a venture-backed company, Fractal has quickly attracted attention from both Bitcoin maximalists and developers seeking to build in a secure yet programmable environment. By maintaining Bitcoin’s principles of decentralization, immutability, and transparency, Fractal aims to transform Bitcoin from a passive store of value into a scalable, application-ready network, paving the way for a new era of Bitcoin-native innovation.

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Isaiah Mccall
Isaiah Mccall
99BTC Japan Correspondent

Isaiah McCall is an ultramarathon runner and Japan Correspondent for 99Bitcoins. He started at USAToday in 2019 and now has a Medium blog following of 30k+ and millions of views. Follow him at @AfroReporter Read More

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